Applied AI
Monitoring Clinical AI After Deployment
A clinical model is validated once, against one population at one time. After go-live the patients, devices, upstream data and clinicians all change, and so does the model. This paper is written for the organisation that runs a model rather than the one that makes it. It sets out the six sources of change, then eighteen instruments across the US, Canada, Ontario, the EU and the UK at the strength each text supports, from binding to proposed to nothing made. It orders the monitoring signals by cost, works through the label problem and verification bias, and gives the arithmetic for how long a site’s own data takes to show a fall, with worked examples. It explains control charts and risk adjustment with a stated simulation, lists the five records a platform has to keep with each written to its specification, and covers model changes, vendor questions and where the standards stop. Written from the regulators’ texts, the specifications and the published studies, current to October 2026.
What’s inside
- The six sources of change after go-live, each with a published example at the strength its source supports
- Eighteen instruments across the US, Canada, Ontario, the EU and the UK, each with the party it addresses and its status in words
- How many US hospitals evaluate their models on local data, and what the survey did not measure
- Nine monitoring signals in order of cost, with what each cannot tell you
- Why drift tests flag everything at volume, and where the PSI cut-offs come from
- The label problem: when an outcome can exist, and verification bias worked through
- How long a site’s own data takes to show a fall, with the formula and worked cases
- Control charts and risk adjustment, with a simulation from a stated model
- The five records a platform has to keep, each written to its specification, and the join no standard defines
- Six ways a deployed model changes, and sixteen questions to ask the vendor before go-live
- What governs each layer of monitoring, and where the standards stop
- A source list separating regulators, specifications and studies
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